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Scienza e tecnologia a Catania: il ruolo delle Donne

Città della Scienza via Simeto 23, Catania, Italia

Sabato 11 febbraio si svolgerà l'ottava "Giornata Internazionale delle donne e delle ragazze nella scienza". La giornata è stata istituita nel dicembre 2015 dall'Assemblea Generale delle Nazioni Unite per riconoscere il ruolo fondamentale che le donne e le ragazze svolgono nella scienza e nella tecnologia. Nell'ambito delle iniziative che verranno organizzate in molti paesi del […]

Michelson-Morley Experiments: An Enigma for Physics and the History of Science

The “null result” of the original 1887 Michelson-Morley experiment represents a fundamental step for physics and the history of science. Since then, more and more precise measurements have apparently strengthened the original interpretation. However, in principle, if the two-way velocity of light in the interferometers is not exactly the same parameter “c” of Lorentz transformations, nothing would prevent a non-zero effect. For instance, in a gaseous medium the small fraction of refracted light could keep track of the motion of matter with respect to some preferred reference frame. Starting from this observation, there is now a new interpretation where the small irregular residuals always observed in laboratory show intriguing correlations with the direct CMB observations with satellites in space. This opens the possibility of linking the CMB to a fundamental reference system for relativity with substantial implications for cosmology and the interpretation of non-locality in the quantum theory. The talk will focus on the basics of this research with brief notes on some leading scientists involved in these measurements.

The Evolutionary Map of the Universe

EMU, the Evolutionary Map of the Universe, is an ongoing ASKAP survey of the Southern three-quarters of the sky, aiming to achieve rms noise levels of 20 μJy. EMU will support a broad range of science, spanning star formation and evolution in our own Galaxy, galaxy evolution and the links between star formation and supermassive black holes, to cosmology. EMU has been allocated approximately 1 year of time on ASKAP in the coming 5 year window. I will summarise the technical and scientific goals of the survey, the current status of and timeline for the survey, and highlight a selection of recent results from early science and pilot survey data.

Avvistamento lunare

Un incontro dedicato all’avvistamento, assistito con strumentazione astronomica, della Luna Nuova di Ramadan.

Comunicazione@INAF

Sede A. Riccò Via Santa Sofia 78, Catania

La terza missione sta diventando sempre più cruciale per enti di ricerca e atenei, in particolare tutte quelle attività che vanno sotto il nome di Public Engagement o, se preferite, Comunicazione nel senso più ampio del termine. Attività che vedono coinvolti sempre più ricercatori e ricercatrici in prima persona. In questo incontro vorremmo fornirvi alcuni strumenti per orientarvi al meglio e per collaborare secondo le attitudini e le aspirazioni di ciascuno di voi, ma anche dirvi com’è articolata la Struttura per la comunicazione dell'INAF. Ma, soprattutto, vorremmo dare risposta alle tante domande che spesso ci ponete: cosa si intende per press release, news, conferenza stampa, embargo, comunicato congiunto, virgolettato e cose simili? A chi vi rivolgete? Cosa posso raccontare a bambini e bambine di sei anni? Perché a volte avete così fretta di contattarmi mentre sono impegnato in un meeting o una call? Perché non mi hanno accettato al festival della scienza? E, soprattutto, perché parlate di qualunque cosa tranne che delle mie ricerche?

Il mese della Ciminiera Scientifica

Città della Scienza via Simeto 23, Catania, Italia

Dal 13 maggio al 12 giugno, Citta della Scienza illuminerà di scienza la città con proiezione olografiche nella grande vetrina su Viale Libertà e Videomapping della Ciminiera. Sarà un mese ricco di seminari scientifici aperti alla cittadinanza, visite guidate del museo, laboratori per i più piccoli e meno piccoli e molto altro.

INAF a Etna Comics 2023

Città della Scienza via Simeto 23, Catania, Italia

Dal 1 al 4 giugno 2023 si svolge presso il centro fieristico “Le Ciminiere” di Catania l’undicesima edizione di Etna Comics, Festival Internazionale del fumetto, del gioco e della cultura POP.

Diagnostics of the solar corona expansion through Metis coronagraph observations

Sede A. Riccò Via Santa Sofia 78, Catania

The solar corona has been investigated in the last decades through observations coming from several spacecraft. The Metis coronagraph, aboard the ongoing Solar Orbiter mission, extends the UVCS/SOHO spectrocoronagraph observations of the scattered ultraviolet emission of the coronal plasma performed during solar activity cycle 23, by simultaneously imaging the coronal visible light polarised brightness (VL pB), in the spectral bandpass 580-640 nm, and the coronal ultraviolet H I Lyα emission, in the spectral window 121.6 ± 10 nm. Here some specific observations are shown, such as those taken on May 15, 2020, from which important results about the solar wind outflow velocity were inferred by applying the Doppler dimming technique. Other results on the coronal solar wind velocity are presented, obtained by considering the data acquired during the first quadrature of the Solar Orbiter and the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) spacecraft with respect to the Sun. In particular, the same parcel of plasma on the East limb was remotely observed with Metis between 3.5 R⊙ and 6.3 R⊙ on January 17, 2021, during low-cadence synoptic mode observations, and was sampled in situ by PSP at about 22 R⊙ on January 18, 2021. In this case, information about several coronal parameters were inferred with unprecedented details, thanks to the high quality of Metis and PSP data. Finally, other results concerning the first coronal mass ejection observed with Metis on January 16-17, 2021 are reported. In this case, also considering data coming from instruments onboard Solar Orbiter and other spacecraft, a 3D reconstruction and detailed physical information about this structure were obtained. Therefore, Metis, even when operates in synoptic mode and in synergistic coupling with other instruments, allows to get novel and detailed information about the structure of the solar corona with an accuracy never reached until now.

Gravitational entropy proposals adaptable to structure formation in Cosmology

Sede A. Riccò Via Santa Sofia 78, Catania

I would like to summarize and present cosmological applications of two proposals of Gravitational entropy, which are distinct from the standard holographic approach and from the entropy of the sources. One is the proposal by Clifton-Ellis and Tabakol (CET) based on the Bel-Robinson tensor, the other by Hosoya and Buchert (HB), based on the Leibler-Kullbach functional of Information Theory. By applying these proposals to inhomogenous dust solutions of Einstein’s equations (LTB and Szekeres models), we have shown in various published articles that both proposals are equivalent in their predictions, but CET is local and HB is non-local. Both yield entropy production in spacetime regions that can be characterized by generation and growth of structure (either overdensities or voids). The CET proposal provides an interesting interpretation of the cosmological constant as an asymptotic gravitational temperature that characterizes a finite entropy saturation value.